Free Web NovelChapter 1232: Chapter 594: The Law of Conservation of Mass-Energy is No Longer Working!_2
Research once again hit a bottleneck.
However, Zhao Yi was not in a rush to solve this problem. When exploring a new field, various issues are bound to arise. During the process of space analysis, they encountered bottleneck after bottleneck. Completing space analysis in one fell swoop was impossible.
Zhao Yi simply switched to technical work, which was to study the relationship between Z-wave intensity, coverage, magnetic fields, particle mass-energy, and space compression ratio based on experimental data.
This part of the content was extremely complex, as too many variables were involved. Even with experimental data, completing the analysis in one go was challenging. For now, they could only express the relationships through formulated expressions.
Therefore, for each experiment, it was possible to substitute data to perform estimates within a certain range.
For instance, before the experiment began, Zhao Yi estimated the space compression ratio to be between 50 and 150 times, with some uncertainty. Through this data and further experimentation, it was possible to narrow down the predictive range to within twenty times.
While conducting technical research on relevant parameters, Zhao Yi also worked on another technical aspect, the effect of the space compression ratio on particles.
A fascinating discovery from the experiments was that different materials compressed at different rates when covered by high-intensity Z-waves. Moreover, the animals did not die immediately.
This seemed to be the opposite of the experimental result.
If different materials were compressed at different rates, then animals should have died immediately because the internal structure of living organisms is too complex. Theorically, if different materials are compressed at different rates, organisms would disintegrate, as a living organism cannot be considered a single material but a collection of them.
In fact, when considered from the particle level, it’s different.
If space compression affected all different particles, neutrons, and atoms equally, it could explain why organisms didn’t die immediately but shrank proportionally instead.
Materials are composed of a vast number of particles; between these particles, there exist gaps. The variation in compression ratios could be due to changes in these interparticle gaps. free𝑤ebnovel.com
Then, the research content becomes simple: it is just a matter of calculating the relationship between the space compression ratio and the compression intensity of individual particles.
If expanded to the compression level of materials, one would need to carry out a large number of operations and comparisons based on the experimental conclusions.
For example, by how much would a nickel-iron alloy compress under a fiftyfold space compression rate?
And under a one hundred fiftyfold rate, by how much would it compress?
The related research is very, very important for mastering space compression technology and its applications.
This research required detailed data.
It was only when Zhao Yi reached this point that he began to look at the follow-up experimental reports. The content of the reports was extremely complex and featured detailed test results of various material data.
Zhang Qican was Zhao Yi’s assistant; he was responsible for summarizing the data and storing the useful parts separately for Zhao Yi. freёwebnovel.com
Zhang Qican and Zhao Yi worked together. When he received important data, he glanced at it and immediately sent it to Zhao Yi, then exclaimed in surprise, "Academician Zhao, take a look at this data, it’s incredibly astonishing!"
"What data?"
"The metal materials’ test report. I just glanced at it, and after compression, the melting point of the nickel-iron alloy material reached an astonishing 7,300 degrees Celsius!"
"And that one-kilogram block of pure gold, its melting point reached 5,800 degrees Celsius!"
"Even titanium alloy has a melting point exceeding 2,000 degrees Celsius!"
Zhang Qican said with amazement.
Zhao Yi promptly checked the information and found that it was just as Zhang Qican had said—the melting points of the metals had all greatly increased.
This magnitude of increase was incredibly exaggerated.
Although Zhao Yi had been certain before the start of the experiment that space compression would enhance the properties of materials, even to the extent of a qualitative improvement, he had not anticipated it to be so exaggerated.
For instance, titanium alloy, depending on the composition, has different melting points, but generally, they range between 1,650 degrees Celsius and 1,750 degrees Celsius.
Zhao Yi had estimated that after compression, the melting point of titanium alloy would exceed 800 degrees Celsius, but he never expected it to surpass 2000 degrees Celsius.
The melting point of pure gold was raised to about 5800 degrees Celsius.
This data was truly astonishing.
Currently, the metal with the highest known melting point is ’tungsten’, with a melting point of 3380 degrees Celsius, while the highest-melting-point alloy is the metal-type carbides, especially those of the IVB, VB, and VIB group metals, all of which have melting points above 2900 degrees Celsius. Among them, hafnium carbide and tantalum carbide have melting points around 3800 degrees Celsius, the highest of all known substances.
The record was now easily broken.
The ’gold’ after compression had its melting point raised to about 5800 degrees Celsius.
The nickel-iron alloy was even more exaggerated, skyrocketing directly to 7300 degrees Celsius.
Based on this data, could the melting points of hafnium carbide and tantalum carbide, when compressed, approach or even reach 20,000 degrees Celsius?
"No!"
"Something is off about this data!" Zhao Yi shook his head and exclaimed twice in succession.
Zhang Qican immediately said, "Then, shall I ask them to re-measure it? I also think this data is exaggerated."
"That’s not what I mean."
Zhao Yi said, "The detection data should be accurate; there’s a very small chance of a mistake in that area. Even if there were mistakes, they couldn’t all be wrong. What I mean is, in a conventional state, even if the gaps between particles shrink, you can’t have such a huge increase in melting point!"
Zhang Qican nodded as he listened and said, "Perhaps one of the detection conclusions could be helpful. On page thirty-seven, it says that the metals, once compressed, melted, and then solidified again, did not change in nature."
"The experiment tested several types of metals, including titanium alloy, aluminum alloy, carbon steel, and pure gold, and all arrived at the same conclusion."
Zhao Yi immediately found the page and frowned at the conclusion.
Before the experiment began, he had judged that once the metals were compressed and then melted, they would resolidify with a larger volume, meaning the compression ratio would be weakened, because the molten metals would ’reshape’ with the distances between atoms increasing.
This was akin to compressing biscuits.
Compressed biscuits that are soaked and then solidified wouldn’t possibly return to their original state.
But the conclusion from the experiment was completely different from what was expected. The compressed metals were able to maintain their compressed state under conventional conditions.
Zhao Yi was reminded of the exploding animals and plants in the experiment, "Based on this conclusion, the explosions in animals and plants are due to cellular-level imbalances in internal and external pressure, not at a finer chemical structure level."
"I’ve come to the same conclusion," Zhang Qican nodded earnestly, "The compression of space did not break the chemical bonds, indicating the properties of the atoms did not change. Combining this with the experimental results, I believe that the effect of space compression is on particles like protons and neutrons, which, when compressed, seem to affect the state. This is the peculiar part, it’s puzzling."
He shook his head continuously as he spoke.
Zhao Yi also furrowed his brow tightly, but inside he was truly excited. He had hit a bottleneck in his understanding of space, which, reflected in the experiments, was the problem of energy non-conservation.
Where did the energy from the disappearance of space go?
Now he had a definite answer: the energy must have been transferred to the particles, causing a change in the internal state of the particles, and it was certain that the energy of the particles had increased.
Yet, the external properties of the particles showed no change whatsoever.
These properties included the mass (intensity of space compression), the strong and weak forces within the nucleus, and the chemical properties exhibited when the particles combined together, among others.
Clearly.
One thing could be determined through the unchanging mass—for the particles compressed by space, the law of conservation of mass-energy was no longer effective.
